Microplastics and nanoplastics are a major topic of concern, but what are they exactly? These particles are tiny fragments released when larger plastic items break down in the environment and when plastic packaging sheds during use. Researchers are finding that these bits can enter the human body. Plastic fragments have been detected in the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs, although their effects on human health are still being studied.
Reducing plastic use is an important step in cutting the buildup of microplastics. What can the average consumer do to achieve this? Plastic is found virtually everywhere. In an article by Katherine Hopson (published April 17, 2025, in AARP and updated September 16, 2025), she lists “9 Ways to Trim Microplastics from Your Life.” Her suggestions include:
- Cut back on single-use plastics. This can be done by choosing alternatives to plastics used once and then discarded, such as plastic wrap, bags, and disposable food and beverage containers.
- Stop using bottled water. Beyond the plastic container itself, bottled water contains more microplastics than regular tap water. A reusable stainless steel or glass bottle is a better option.
- Never mix plastic containers and heat. This includes microwaving. Items should always be transferred to a microwave-safe dish or bowl. Storing oily foods in plastic containers should also be avoided, as this can cause plastic to leach into food.
- Avoid plastics with hot beverages. Disposable cups from many coffee shops are lined with plastic. Bringing a reusable cup reduces exposure.
- Be aware of teabags that contain micro- and nanoplastics. Some teabags release plastic particles when heated. Loose-leaf tea and a stainless-steel steeper provide a safer alternative.
- Find alternatives to plastic cutting boards and cooking utensils. Options include bamboo, wood, or metal.
- Avoid highly processed foods. Even lightly processed foods have shown evidence of microplastic contamination.
- Choose fragrance-free products. Many beauty products contain microplastics used to stabilize fragrances. These can be absorbed through the skin.
- Vacuum regularly and leave shoes at the door. Using a HEPA filter can help. During laundry, microplastics from synthetic clothing are released into water during washing and into air during drying. This does not mean clothes cannot be washed, but lint filters should be cleaned carefully, and line-drying is helpful when possible.
All of this can feel overwhelming, but awareness of microplastic sources and steps to decrease exposure are important. Gradual changes that eliminate or replace household plastics contribute to a safer environment for households and communities. In addition to reducing exposure, fewer plastics will end up in landfills. Recycling plastic containers is only a partial solution, as it is typically limited to #1 and #2 plastics, so lowering overall plastic use remains essential. Changing habits is challenging but vital for protecting long-term health.
~ Submitted by the Town of Fincastle’s Sustainability Committee – working to create a healthier environment for our town.
